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Asset Allocation Research for UK Advisers

2024 investment review

3/1/2025

 
Picture
[5 min read, read as pdf]
​
  • The US economy outperformed expectations
  • The long-awaited pivot came through
  • Portfolio resilience proved key

As we look forward to 2025, it is worth revisiting the themes and predictions of our 2024 outlook “turning the corner” to get a sense of what we anticipated at the time, how this informed our recommendations to UK adviser firms’ investment committees.  Asset class performance for 2024 is summarised in the chart above.  Our 2025 outlook is published separately.
Subscribe to our weekly newsletter to get all our insights to your inbox (for UK financial advisers only)

Steady as she slows
In 2024, we anticipated a gradual deceleration in the U.S. economy, with markets pricing in the likelihood of a slight recession. In the event, the U.S. economy surprised on the upside. Growth forecasts were upgraded from 1.15% at the start of the year to an impressive 2.6% by year-end. This revision supported robust equity market returns and served as a reminder of the resilience of U.S. economic fundamentals.  In summary, a resilient US economy defied expectations.
What did we recommend to our clients at the outset and during the year? We took a balanced view between accepting concentration risk (traditional S&P 500) and diversified (active, sector exposures).  We also recommended clients lean in to broader US equity corporate landscape via 1) Equal Weight and 2) US Small Caps exposures.
By contrast, the UK had that shrinking feeling as regards economic growth, and although out of a technical recession, we are not confident of its prospects relative to the US.

Pause before pivot
At the close of 2023, we were focused on the Federal Reserve’s pause in interest rate hikes, noting that a rate cut was a question of when, not if. While the consensus view was that the first cut would be announced by mid-2024, we anticipated that the timing would hinge on the performance and strength of the U.S. economy. Indeed, the economy’s resilience delayed the start of what we anticipate to be a rate-cutting cycle to September 2024, when the Federal Reserve finally delivered a significant 50-basis-point cut.
In fact, the eventual BoE Fed pivot came a month or two later than we had estimated at the start of the year, but we recommended our clients remain dynamic with regards to duration management.  We recommended clients go strongly overweight duration in June as a good time to extend duration ahead of BoE cuts, with Fed following suit, and we saw the additional duration deliver returns on the bond side of the portfolio before attention shifted to debt supply and the UK budget later in the year, which led us to recommending to move back to neutral.

The importance of portfolio resilience
Our focus on resilience proved vital when it came to navigating the key macro factors in 2024: Growth, Inflation and Interest Rates.
For Growth, anticipating a soft landing for the US economy, we highlighted the potential outperformance of cyclical sectors, and momentum, yield and size factors. In the event, momentum emerged as the best-performing factor, with yield and size also delivering strong returns. For Rates, we adjusted duration exposure mid-year to capture the effect of falling policy rates, aligning portfolios with a changing interest rate environment. For Inflation, which remained above target, the inclusion of liquid real assets (but to a lesser extent than in 2022) and shorter duration inflation-linked bonds, ensured continued portfolio resilience.  We continue to emphasise the importance of a diversified alternatives exposure from a correlation perspective, not just in name.
Our recommendation to consider Private Market Managers and Gold & Precious Metals paid off during the year – as these were the best performing asset classes for the year, outperforming world and US equities.

Political and Geopolitical risks
In a year of elections, we saw a change in government in the UK and in the US following Trump’s Presidential win.  Both have a greater impact on bond yields and currency dynamics than equity markets, in our view.
Geopolitical risks remain elevated with the Russia-Ukraine war continuing to grind, escalating conflict and contagion in the Middle East – all at tragic human cost.

Conclusion
Markets did indeed turn a corner in 2024, with economic growth, earnings and equity market returns outperforming expectations.  With 2024 in the rear-view mirror, it’s time to look ahead to 2025.  Our 2025 outlook is published separately.

Henry Cobbe, CFA
Head of Research, Elston Consulting

Why hold gold?

6/9/2024

 
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Gold remains a useful diversifier because of its uncorrelated relationship with other asset classes.
As a “liquid real asset” It has inflation-protecting characteristics.
Gold provides protection against geopolitical risks and insurance against market shocks.
Read in full
View all our Gold & Precious Metals research

DESERT ISLAND FUND PICKS

30/5/2024

 
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Our head of fund research, Jackie Qiao, shares her desert island fund picks with Citywire.
Read in full

Diversifying alternatives: more than a name

10/4/2024

 
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The purpose of including alternatives in a portfolio, is for one reason: diversification. But how can we be sure alternatives are doing their job?

Read the full article in FT Adviser
or watch the CISI-endorsed CPD webinar

Private market managers’ return premium persists

23/2/2024

 
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[3 min read, open as pdf]
  • Private market managers’ return premium persists
  • Owning managers’ shares provides liquid access to the sector
  • Growing levels of forecast AUM in private markets fuels growth
Read the article in full as pdf
Watch the CISI-endorsed CPD webinar on this topic

UK house prices: turning a corner?

19/2/2024

 
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[5 min read, open as pdf]
  • UK house price declines coincided with recession data
  • Mortgage market is easing with prospect of falling interest rates
  • House prices have report first uptick since July 2023
Read full article

gold - the perfect valentine's day gift

14/2/2024

 
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In an interview with CityWire, Elston's Head of Research explains his love of Gold as a Valentine's Day idea in 2024.  You can read the full article here

Watch our original CISI-endorsed CPD webinar back in 2021 with representatives from the World Gold Council anticipating these structural trends

See all our public Gold & Precious Metals research

all eyes on the pivot

31/1/2024

 
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Central Banks' policy rates are expected to pivot towards cuts in 2024 with a material impact on asset class perspectives.

Read More

What is next for property funds?

11/12/2023

 
Wealth managers discuss the ongoing issues with property funds and explain how investors should get their exposure to the asset class going forward.
Read the full article in Trustnet.

UK property: is this another 2008?

15/9/2023

 
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[3 min read - open as pdf]
  • Servicing a mortgage is becoming increasingly painful
  • Property market transactions are down sharply
  • How does this compare to the financial crisis of 2008/9?

PROPERTY: RETHINK & BE READY

2/6/2023

 
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[5 min read, open as pdf]
  • Property is a traditional Alternative Asset diversifier
  • Performance has suffered on slowing growth and rising rates
  • Consideration of geography, fund format and liquidity is key

Infrastructure: a reliable diversifier

26/5/2023

 
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[3 min read - open as pdf]
  • Infrastructure roll-out and renewal underpins modern economies
  • Income streams are inflation-protected
  • Infrastructure has both bond- and equity-like characteristics

LIQUID REAL ASSETS: FOR INFLATION DIVERSIFICATION

28/2/2023

 
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[5 min read, open as pdf]
  • Our Liquid Real Assets Index strategy delivered on its objectives
  • Provides access to assets positively correlated with inflation
  • For a risk-constrained liquid approach to real asset diversification

PRIVATE MARKETS: ASSETS, FEES & INTEREST RATES

24/2/2023

 
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[5 min read, open as pdf]
  • Private Market Managers’ valuations hit in 2022 on rising rates
  • Sustained asset growth to 2030E supports positive outlook
  • Highly sensitive to US interest rate expectations 

2023 OUTLOOK: LOOKING FOR LIGHT

16/12/2022

 
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[5 min read]
  • Yield is back
  • Selectivity matters more
  • Inflation’s getting stickier
2022 proved to be a challenging year with pressure on equities and bonds a like in face of rising rates and soaring inflation.  In our 2023 Outlook: Looking for Light, we explore three key themes
1. Yield is back: for equities, bonds and alternatives - the yield drought is over
2. Selectivity matters more: within and across asset classes
3. Inflation is getting stickier: getting past the peak, but still a problem

Read the summary article

Find out more:
  • The full version of our 2023 Outlook report is available to our clients.  For UK advisers requesting further information, please contact us.
  • Watch the recent 2023 Outlook webinar discussion with Henry Cobbe, Hoshang Daroga (Elston) and Natasha Sarkaria, CAIA (BlackRock)

Private markets: is it worth the risks?

18/11/2022

 
Picture
[5 min read, open as pdf]
  • Good in theory, problematic in practice
  • Advantages and disadvantages
  • Changing market regime
There is an investment case for investing in private markets, and the asset class has proved popular with institutional investors, including those with long-term time horizons and high liquidity tolerance – such as endowments.  But not every endowment has enjoyed the success of the early adopters under the “Swensen model”.
A private market allocation is structurally hard to reverse if things go wrong with any of 1) the investor’s liquidity needs, 2) the private market fund’s underlying investments, or 3) the realised returns relative to risk-free investments (e.g. gilts) for a given term.
As such, an allocation to private markets should be seen more like an irreversible decision, unlike almost all other investments available to institutional investors which can be sold at a day, week or month’s notice.
In this brief note, we do not set out the case for investing in private markets – that has been set out extensively elsewhere.  We do however raise some points of challenge to those stated advantages.
[Read full paper as pdf]

Energy is getting dirtier before it gets cleaner

27/10/2022

 
Picture
[3 min read, open as pdf]
  • The European coal market has been tight
  • Extending or restarting coal-fired plants is quickest fix to supply
  • Coal consumption is at record high in 2022
For full article, open as pdf

Gold’s appeal in times of stress

25/10/2022

 
Picture
In this article for IG, Jackie Qiao, Head of Fund Research at Elston Consulting, discusses the value of holding gold in times of market stress.
Read in full

Infrastructure in focus: building back better

16/9/2022

 
Picture
[3 min read, open as pdf]
  • Infrastructure spending to stimulate growth
  • Beyond the US, this is a global trend
  • Accessing the infrastructure beneficiaries
In this Insight we explore the increase in infrastructure spending and ways of accessing this exposure with index-tracking ETFs.

Rising energy costs: own the problem

9/9/2022

 
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[3 min read]
  • Wholesale energy prices remain at record highs
  • This is driving broader-based inflation
  • Accessing energy exposure can help mitigate the impact
Read full article online (link to external website)
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